AIDS is a viral disease. The virus is called HIV. This disease transmitted by sexual intercourse, blood transfusion and from pregnant mother to baby through placenta.

Malnutrition is defined as the insufficient, excessive or imbalanced consumption of nutrients. So under nutrition, over nutrition and imbalanced nutrition leads to malnutrition.

Cholera, Typhoid and Jaundice are water born diseases. In shallow hand pumps there is possibility of microbial contamination (bacteria) to water. But fluorosis occurs due to excess amount of fluorine found in water.

Besides proteins and carbohydrates, approximately 67% of calcium, 35% of magnesium and 44% of the phosphorus found in milk.

Fat present below the skin surface in our body, act as a insulator against loss of heat from the body. The deposited fat works as barrier, which prevents loss of heat.

The composition of kidney stone is
Calcium oxalate                                         –   80%
Uric acid                                                    –   5%
Amino acid cystine                                    –   2%
Magnesium and ammonium phosphate     –   13%

DDT is non-biodegradable chemical. Biomagnification is the phenomenon of increasing concentration of compound in the tissue of organism, as the compound passes up a food chain, usually as a result of food intake. In this case, the concentration of compound will increase with increasing the tropic level.
Biomagnifying pollutants which increases in concentration from producers ⟶ Primary consumers ⟶ Secondary consumers ⟶ Tertiary consumers ⟶ Top consumer.
The snake is a tertiary consumer. So the DDT concentration will high in snake.

Parathyroid gland is not controlled by pituitary. The parathormone which is secreted from this gland regulates calcium and phosphorus ion in body.

In human body oxygen first comes through lungs. From lungs to different tissue via blood.

Corpus luteum is a mass of cells found in ovary. It produces progesterone hormone. If the ovary is not fertilised, the corpus-luteum degenerates after about two weeks and is gradually replaced by ordinary ovary tissue.

Alpha keratin is a protein, found in skin, hair, nail, claws and hooves of animals.

Average fat content in buffalo milk is 7.2% and average fat content in cow milk is 4.4%. As per the nutrient components, buffalo milk contains all the nutrients in higher proportion than cow’s milk.

The major component of honey is fructose. Composition of honey in (percentage)
Fructose            –   38.2
Glucose             –   31
Water                –   17.1
Maltose             –   7.2
Carbohydrate    –   4.2
Sucrose             –   1.5
Minerals            –   0.5

Coronary arteries supply blood to heart. Carotid arteries supply the blood to head region. Hepatic arteries supply to liver and pulmonary arteries supplies blood to the lungs.

Daily intake of protein for active woman is 46 gram. But at pregnant women the protein requirement increase to 47 – 60 gm per day.

Malaria is the parasitic disease spreads through the sucking of blood through mosquitoes. The malaria parasite invades blood cells. The virus of encephalitis most active in brains. Filaria parasite found in blood lymph and leukaemia is cancer mainly the abnormal cell growth in bone narrow.

Antigen is a foreign molecule that invade the body of an organism. Antigen also induce immune response to stimulate lymphocyte to produce antibody. The majority of them are proteins and polysaccharides found on the wall of bacteria and on the cell coats of virus.

The sequencing of the entire genome of yeast was completed in 1996.

We can draw the inference that processed meat is always packed in sealed tins.

Theory of mutation is postulated by de Vries. Theory of evolution is by Charl’s Darwin. Operon concept is given by Jacob and Monad. One gene and one enzyme hyoptheisis is proposed by Beadle and Tautum.